PEMUCATAN MINYAK
SAWIT KASAR
MENGGUNAKAN
TANAH PEMUCAT HASIL REAKTIVASI
(Bleaching of Crude Palm Oil by using Reactivated Spent
Bleaching Earth)
Fatmayati1)
Nur Asma Deli1) Ani Suryani2) dan Muhammad Romli2)
1)Staf Pengajar Teknik Pengolahan
Sawit, Politeknik Kampar, Riau
2)Staf Pengajar Departemen
Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian – IPB
ABSTRACT
Refining of CPO produces a side product, the spent
bleaching earth, which is a waste from bleaching. This research aimed to obtain the best condition of bleaching of
CPO with a bleaching earth using reactivated spent bleaching earth (SBE). SBE was reactivated at a temperature of
300 oC for 1 hour with the addition of HNO3 2, 3.5 and
5%. Bleaching earth was produced as a result of SBE reactivation, bentonite,
then used in bleaching of CPO for 1 hour at a temperature of 120 oC
with the amount of bentonite was 1,2,3,4 and 5% by weight of the CPO.
Bleached palm oil (BPO) clarity (% T) value
ranged from 32.9±0.7 to 94.0±0.4% and the result of bleaching earth bleaching efficiency (BE)
values ranged between 24±2 to 95.8±0.3%. The
best condition was obtained on the use of bleaching earth as much as 5%
by weight of the CPO, which bleaching earth was produced from the use of HNO3
concentration 5% as an activator of SBE in producing bleaching earth. These
conditions produced the highest value BPO clarity and BE bleaching earth of
94.0±0.4 %T and 95.8±0.3%. Bleaching of CPO by using bleaching earth result of
SBE reactivation with the addition of HNO3 5% had a relative size of surface area constant value (K)
and the potential of adsorption constants value
(n) of 141 and 0.6, respectively. K and n
values were obtained from the isotherm Freundlich equation.
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