PEMURNIAN GLISEROL HASIL SAMPING PRODUKSI BIODIESEL
BERBAHAN BAKU STEARIN SAWIT
Fatmayati1) and Hanifah Khairiah2)
1Program Studi Teknik Pengolahan Sawit, Politeknik Kampar
email: fatmayati80@gmail.com
2Program Studi Teknik Pengolahan Sawit, Politeknik Kampar
ABSTRACT
Palm oil is the main raw material of cooking oil which is
the basic needs of society. A byproduct of the production of palm oil is palm
stearin fatty acids (palm stearin fatty acids) that have free fatty acid
content is high and not fully utilized in the production of edible oils mini
plant owned by the Polytechnic Kampar. Production of biodiesel through
esterification-transesterification reactions of palm stearin produce byproducts
such as glycerol with a low degree of purity, which is commonly referred to as
crude glycerol. This product is produced approximately 10-20% of the total
volume of products. The aim of this research was to determine the glycerol
purification process results- esterification-transesterification reactions and
get glycerol in accordance with SNI 06-1564 - 1995. The early stages of
research is process-esterification-transesterification of palm stearin with
methanol which produce crude biodiesel and crude glycerol. Both stages are
performed at 65oC temperature, stirring speed of 800 rpm for 60
minutes. After the separation between crude biodiesel and crude glycerol, crude
glycerol further purified by several stages. Early stages of purification in
the form of acid phosphate addition to the crude glycerol resulting pH
variation namely 4,5,6 and 7. After the layers were separated impurities from
crude glycerol, crude glycerol immersion followed by activated carbon for 24
hours with the addition of activated carbon as much as 5% and 10% of the weight
of glycerol solution to be purified. Prior to the soaking stage, into the crude
glycerol is added to the water volume ratio of 2: 3. The water content and the
residual methanol is in glycerol purification results evaporated with a rotary
evaporator. Characteristics of glycerol which has been purified from 6 samples
were produced, only two samples that are in accordance with SNI 06-1564 - 1995
at the value of moisture content, ash content and purity gliserolnya namely the
addition of phosphate acid which produces crude glycerol pH of 6 with the use
of carbon adsorbent active as much as 5 and 10% of the weight of the purified
glycerol.
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