PENENTUAN SUHU REAKSI TERBAIK
PADA SAPONIFIKASI STEARIN
Fatmayati
Program Studi Teknik Pengolahan Sawit,
Politeknik Kampar
email:
fatmayati80@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Crude palm oil fractionation produces one
product that is stearin. In general the industry utilizing stearin as a raw
material for making margarine. If the saponification process is carried out at
stearin it will produce two products at once, namely soaps and glycerol. This
research aims to determine the best reaction temperature to produce soap and
glycerol by saponification stearin. Saponification using ethanol with KOH 3N
reacting with palm stearin obtained as a byproduct of oil production in the
mini plant Polytechnic Kampar. The reaction was performed with the reaction
temperature variation of 60, 65, 70, 75 and 80 °C with stirring 400 rpm for 60
minutes. Results saponification separated to get the soap and glycerol are then
analyzed to determine whether soap and glycerol produced is appropriate or not
the relevant SNI. In all the saponification reaction temperature variations do,
produce soap with characteristics in accordance with SNI 06-3532-1994. While
the characteristics of glycerol showed that an increase in temperature of the
saponification reaction turned out to be lower levels of glycerol. Glycerol
levels produced no corresponding with the SNI 06-1564-1995 as glycerol has not
been purified so that still contains many impurities
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