IN SITU DUA TAHAP ESTERIFIKASI DAN
TRANSESTERIFIKASI PADA
RESIDU MINYAK DALAM TANAH PEMUCAT BEKAS
Nur Asma Deli
Program
Studi Teknik Pengolahan Sawit Politeknik Kampar
ABSTRACT
The production of biodiesel from residual oil in spent bleaching earth by a two-step in situ process was investigated in this study. The method consisted an acid
catalyzed esterification followed by base catalyzed transesterification. Esterification reaction was performed in the presence of sulfuric acid
as a common acid catalyst to reduce the amount of free fatty acids (FFA) to
less than 2%. The spent
bleaching earth were esterified with mass rasio hexsane:methanol 1.5:1
and 1:1, 48 0C temperature,
sulfuric acid 1% (b/b) to solid phase and 2, 3, 4 h reaction time. The FFA level 1.04% with 75.0% yield of esterified product was obtained at rasio hexane:methanol
1:1 and 1 h min
reaction time. Therefore, it was chosen as subjected to transesterification
process by adding 1% alkaline cataliyst (NaOH and KOH) and allowed to react for 1, 2, 3 h. The yields of biodiesel produced
in this process were varied between 10.43 to 79.96%. Optimum yield
obtained was 79.967% at 1 h reaction time. The characteristics of biodiesel produced were: 9.25 cSt viscosity, 962 kg/m3
density and 0.50 mgKOH/g acid value.
Keyword: Biodiesel, esterifikasi,
transesterifikasi, in
situ, tanah
pemucat bekas
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